The 20th amendment to the Constitution specifies that the term of each elected President of the United States begins at noon on January 20 of the year following the election. Each president must take the oath of office before assuming the duties of the position.

With the 2009 inauguration of Barack H. Obama, the oath has been taken 70 different times by the 44 Presidents of the United States.* This numerical discrepancy results chiefly from two factors: a president must take the oath at the beginning of each term of office, and, because Inauguration Day has sometimes fallen on a Sunday, four Presidents (Hayes [1877], Wilson [1917], Eisenhower [1957], and Reagan [1985]) have taken the oath privately before the public inaugural ceremonies. In addition, President Arthur took the oath privately following the death of President Garfield and again two days later in the Capitol.

The oaths administered to date have been taken in a wide variety of locations (a detailed list is available):

  • U.S. Capitol (53 occasions)
    • East Portico -- 34
    • Hall of the House of Representatives -- 6
    • Senate Chamber -- 3
    • West Front -- 7
    • East Front of Original Senate Wing -- 1
    • President's Room -- 1
    • Rotunda -- 1
    • Vice President's Room -- 1
  • White House -- 6
  • Old Brick Capitol (1st & A Sts., N.E.; site of present Supreme Court Building) -- 1
  • Washington, D.C. (not in Capitol or White House) -- 2
  • Outside Washington, D.C. -- 7

The "Outside Washington, D.C." category includes the most unusual location: Lyndon B. Johnson took the oath on board Air Force One at Love Field in Dallas, Texas, after the death of President Kennedy.

You may also wish to see a list of inaugural precedents and notable events and a list of locations in which vice presidents have taken the oath of office.

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* Grover Cleveland is considered the 22d and 24th presidents, having served two nonconsecutive terms (1885-1889 and 1893-1897).

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